Revolving door.



J. L. CARTER.

REVOLVING DOOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 10, 1915.

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J. CARTER. REVOLVING DOOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I0. I9I5- -SHEET 2- 4 SHEETS V I I I I I I Hun uHHHHIHM? ml 1 I Patented Oct. 31, 1916.

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J. L. CARTER.

REVOLVING DOOR.

0 APPLICATION FILED MAR. 10. I915. Patented Oct. 31

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APPUCATION FILED MAR. 10. I915- Patented Oct. 31,1916.

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JOHN L. CARTER, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

REVOLVING DOOR.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN L. CARTER, a citizen of the United States, anda res dent of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Revolving Doors, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in revolving or storm-doors, andone of the main purposes of the invention is to provide a door of thischaracter which shall be jam proof, so that in case of panic or the likea clear passageway will be automatically formed by the pressure ofpersons attempting to squeeze through the doorway at opposite sidesthereof.

In carrying out my invention I make use of the customary arc side-wallsand a rotary structure comprising a suitable turntable and a plurality,preferably four, Wings carried thereby, these wings being hinged neartheir vertical outer edges and adapted at their other or free verticaledges to meet at the pivotal center of the structure, thereby formingthe usual compartments which persons enter and by pressure turn therevolving structure to permit them to pass through the doorway. Thewings have an abutting and interlocking relation at the pivotal centerof the door, and when pressed against by persons moving through theright hand portion of the passageway, as usual, said wings will remainin their interlocked abutting relation and all be carried aroundtogether; but in the event of panic or even at any other time, shouldpersons attempt to force their way through the doorway by pressure onthe left hand wings, said wings will open outwardly and thereafter, ifanyone should attempt to press on the right hand wing, all of the wingswill finally fold outwardly, in the manner hereinafter explained, and aclear passageway between the arc-walls will be formed, there being inaccordance with my invention nothing at that time at the center of thepassageway.

I am aware that it is usualto hinge the wings of revolving doors at thepivotal center of the structure, but in these constructions the wingswhen folded in line with the passageway between the arc sides, create anobstruction which is undesirable. In accordance with my invention Ihinge the wings near their outer vertical edges and so arrange the partsthat the wings may Specification'of Letters Patent.

Patented Get. 31, 1916.

Application filed March 10, 1915. Serial No. 13,339.

fold outwardly toward the arc-walls and leave the passagewaysubstantially unobstructed.

The invention will be fully understood from the detailed descriptionhereinafter presented, reference being had to the accompanylng drawings,in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in vertical section, of astorm-door and its walls and superstructure embodying my invention; Fig.2 is a detail section through a small portion of one of the wings andturntable and is presented to illustrate a yieldable lock or catch forlending a certain amount of rigidity to the wings, even though suchwings might be pushed at the left instead of the right of thepassageway; Fig. 3 is a section through the same on the dotted line 3-3of Fig. 2 and on a larger scale; Fig. 1 is a horizontal section on thedotted line 4-4. of Fig. 1 and by dotted lines illustrates the positionthe wings will take when through panic or other cause they are forced tofold outwardly toward the arc-walls; Fig. 5 is a horizontal section,partly broken away, taken on the dotted line 55 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is ahorizontal section, taken about on the dotted line 66 of Fig. 1, thesection being just below the turn-table by which the wings aresuspended; Fig. 7 is an enlarged view, partly in section and partlybroken away, of a frame which normally rotates with the turn-table andwings but which is adapted to have an independent reverse rotarymovement to a limited extent when pressed against by one of the wingssubjected to pressure on the wrong side thereof; Fig. 8 is a centralvertical section through the upper central portion of the structure andtaken on the clotted line 8- -8 of Fig. 7 Fig. 9 is a vertical sectionthrough a small portion of the structure and is meant to show in sideelevation the spring arm which is illustrated in top view in Fig. 6, andFig. 10 is a horizontal section showing the several wings of the door intheir normal position by dotted lines and in their outwardly folded orpartly outwardly folded positions by solid lines.

In the drawings, 15 designates the are side frames, 16 a hollowsuperstructure above and connectlng said side frames and covering overthe passageway between them, 17 a turn-table mounted within saidsuperstructure, 18 a circular track or tramway for rollers 19 connectedwith said turn-table and by means of which said turn-table is suspendedfrom and within the outline of said tramway, 2O equally spaced apartvertical bars orframes rigidly connected by brackets 21 with the saidturn-table near the edges thereof, and 22 wings hinged at their outervertical edges to the inner vertical edges of the bars of frames 20 andadapted when in their normal position to stand on radial lines extendingtoward the pivotal centerof the door structure and at their inner edgeportions to lap one upon another in series and enter into the abuttinginterlocking relation illustrated more particularly by solid lines inFig. 4., in which it may be seen that the inner side edge of the lowerwing laps against the outer edge of the right hand wing, that the sideedge of one face, that being the face against which pressure is to beapplied by persons entering and leaving the passageway, with a handlebar 23. The outer edges of the bars or frames 20 are provided withstrips of rubber, leather or the like 24: to engage the inner faces ofthe arc frames 15 during the rotary motion of the door and when the dooris at rest, thereby to exclude drafts.

One of the more important features of my invention resides in thehinging of the wings 22 at their outer vertical edges to the innervertical edges of the bars or frames 20 rigidly connected with theturn-table so that said wings while at their inner'edges nor mally beingin abutting interlocking relation may, under proper circumstances, foldoutwardly toward the arc frames 15 for'the purpose of leaving a clearpassageway between said frames, said wings whenfolded outwardly towardthe arc frames 15 taking the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig.4:.

The turn-table 17 is of substantial character and has secured-upon itthe brackets 25 carrying the rollers 19, the latter projecting over andresting upon the track or tramway 18 and thereby suspending the bars orframes 20 and wings 22. The turntable 17 is provided with spring studs26 of not unusual character adapted to engage recesses 27 in the upperedges of the wings 22, these studs being provided to releasably hold thewings in their normal operative position shown by full lines in Fig. 4but to release said wings under any undue pressure against the wrongface thereof. The turntable 17 is recessed at the lower side of itscentral portion, as at 29 (Fig. 8), and thereat is provided a rotaryframe 30 which is suspended from the turn-table and has a pivot or axle31 extending through said turntable the pivot 31 having on its upperenda nut 32 and below said nut a friction washer 33, the purpose of whichis to afford some resistance to the independent rotary movement of theframe 30. The frame 30 rotates with the turn-table 1T under normalconditions, but in the event of a panic or misuse of the wings saidframe 30 is adapted to have a limited rotary movement independently ofthe turn-table. The frame 30 has four downwardly extending arms 3% orone arm for each of the wings 22. It may be seen on reference to Figs. 7and 8 that the wings 22 are in close relation to and lap upon the facesof the respective arms 3%. In the normal operation of the wings 22 saidwings remain in the relation to the frame 30 shown. in Figs. 5, 7 and 8,said wings, frame and turn-table 17 then all turning or rotatingtogether and said wings at such time not exerting any pressure againstthe frame 30. The frame 30 has pivotally secured to it a link 35 whichextends outwardly and is connected at its outer end to a pivoted link 36connected with a cam 37, the normal position of which is shown in Fig. 5by dotted lines and the operated position ofwhich is shown by solidlines in Fig. 6. The links 35, 3G and cam 37 remain in their normalinoperative position shown in Fig. 5 during the normal condition andoperation of the wings 22, but in the event of pressure on the reverseside of a wing, as by a person attempting to go through on the left sideof the passageway, the wing will fold outwardly toward the adjacent sideframe 15 and in doing so the upper inner edge of the wing will, bypressing against one of the arms 3a, cause the frame 30 to make alimited rotary movement with the result that said frame during suchmovement will draw on the link 35 and through said link cause the link36 to turn on its pivot and carry the cam 37 outwardly against the innerface of the adjacent arc frame 15 or to the position shown in Fig. (3.

If we assume that due to panic or otherwise persons are endeavoring tomove through the passageway in the direction of the two arrows shown inFig. (i and that one person has pressed against and moved the left handwing 22 to the position shown in Fig. 6 and thereby operated the frame30, links 35, 36 and cam 37, and that some other person is pressing onthe proper side of the first right hand wing 22, it will be seen thatthe left hand wing having opened, the pressure to turn the entire framein the reverse direction is released and the pressure on the proper sideof the right hand wing will result in the entire set of wings beingcarried around until the cam 37 strikes the stud 38 and arrests theentire structure. At this time the person who pressed against the wrongside of the left hand wing will be in a position to press against thewrong side of the next forwardwing and cause it to fold outwardly or tothe position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4, and further the retarymovement of the structure caused by the proper pressure on the righthand wing until the entire structure became arrested by the engagementof the cam 37 with the stud 3S, resulted in an arm 40 connected with theforward right hand Wing being carried against a spring dog 41 and insaid spring dog by its fleXion against said arm 40 turning said forwardright hand wing 22 to an open position, its free edge being therebycarried from the adjacent edge of the right hand wing against which theperson passing along that side'of the passageway exerted his pressure.The turning outwardly of the forward right hand wing by the action ofthe spring dog 41 leaves the inner right hand wing entirely free to foldoutwardly, under the pressure of the person passing at theright, to theposition shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4, and all of the wings havingbeen turned outwardly a clear passageway is formed between the sideframes 15. Each wing 22 is provided with one of the crank or lever-arms40 and each arm is connected with the wing by a vertical pin 42.

In the normal position and proper operation of the wings 22, thecrank-arms 4O ride against the spring dog 41 and the latter yieldsinwardly to permit the passage of said arms 40, said arms and dog duringsuch period not performing any function, but when at any time the thenleft hand-wings have been folded outwardly, thereby releasing the thenforward right hand wing, the pressure of the dog 41 against the crankarm 40 of said wing acts to turn said wing outwardly, and that releasesthe inner right hand wing to turn or be folded outwardly, the outwardfolding of the forward right hand wing taking place, under the action ofthe spring dog 41, during that limited movement of the rotary structurenecessary for the cam 37 to engage the stud 38 and the outward foldingof the inner right hand wing taking place immediately thereafter andcaused by the pressure against the same of the person attempting to gothrough the passageway at the right hand side thereof.

In Fig. 10 1 illustrate an intermediate stage in the operation of thewings when, due to panic or otherwise, said wings become operated in anabnormal manner. In

Fig, 10 the rotary portion of the door is shown as having turned fromthe position illustrated in Fig. 6 to that in which the cam 37 has movedto engagement with the pin or stud 38 and thereby arrested the entirerotary portion of the structure. This stage having been reached theforward left hand wing starts outwardly by the pressure applied againstit and releases the forward right hand wing which is started on itsoutward movement by the spring dog 41 and said wing having startedoutwardly the first right hand wing becomes released and it. will, bythe pressure exerted against it, fold outwardly.

In Fig. 4 I show by dotted lines all of the wings as having beencompletely folded outwardly whereas in Fig. 10 I illustrate thatintermediate stage of the operation at which the wings are in action andmoving to the respective positions in which they are illustrated bydotted lines in Fig. 4.

I provide a stud 38 at each end of each side frame 15, as shown in Fig.6, so that in whatever position the four wings of the door may be whenwrongly operated, the cam 37 will after a limited interval, arrest therotary portion of the structure so that all of the wings may be turnedoutwardly to the position illustrated by dotted lines in Fig. 4.

hat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is:

1. A revolving or storm door comprising side walls and a rotarystructure including an overhead turn-table, bars dependent therefrom andradial wings hinged at their outer vertical edges to said bars and attheir vertical free edges meeting at the pivotal center of the structureand being lapped one upon another in series, each wing engaging with itsside the edge face of one adjacent wing and being engaged on its edgeface by the side of the other adjacent wing, combined with means forarresting the rotary structure turning in the proper direction after aleft hand wing has been opened outwardly by pressure applied to itsreverse face, and means for forcing a forward right hand wing to itsopen position just prior to said structure becoming arrested.

52. A revolving or storm door comprising side walls and a rotarystructure including an overhead turn-table, bars dependent therefrom andradial wings hinged at their outer vertical edges to said bars and attheir vertical free edges meeting at the pivotal center of the structureand being lapped one upon another in series, each wing engaging with itsside the edge face of one adjacent wing and being engaged on its edgeface by the side of the other adjacent wing, combined with means forarresting the rotary structure turning in the proper direction after aleft hand wing has been opened outwardly by pressure applied to itsreverse face; and means for forcing a forward right hand Wing to itsopen position just prior to said structure becoming arrested said meansforv arresting the rotary structure comprising a rotary frame to beturned by any wing opened by pressure applied to its reverse face, afixed stud and a part movable by said rotary frame in the plane of saidstud and to engage the same for arresting said structure and said meansfor forcing the forward right hand wing to its open position beingan'arm on each Wing and a JOHN L. CARTER.

lVitnesses ARTHUR MARION,

CHAS. C. GILL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

